| Pin Yin | English | Latin | Example | Exception |
| cao | herb | herba | yi mu cao, han lian cao | gan cao, long dan cao |
| gen | root | radix | ge gen, ban lan gen | |
| gen | rhizome | rhizoma | lu gen, bai mao gen | |
| shen | root | radix | dang shen, dan shen | |
| zhi | twig | ramulus | gui zhi, sang zhi | bu gu zhi, bai zhi |
| teng | vine | caulis | ji xue teng, hong teng | guo teng |
| pi | bark | cortex | sang bai pi, mu dan pi | xian ling pi |
| pi | peel | pericarpium | chen pi, gua lou pi | |
| ye | leaf | folium | sang ye, ai ye | |
| hua | flower | flos | jin yin hua, hong hua | |
| zi | seed | semen | zi su zi, lai fu zi | fu zi |
| zi | fruit | fructus | cang er zi, chuan lian zi | |
| ren | seed | semen | xing ren, huo ma ren | |
| ren | kernel (inside of seed) | fructus | sha ren |